Ihmiset

Marko Keskinen

Associate Professor

T213 Built Environment

Associate Professor

Full researcher profile

https://research.aalto.fi/...

Sähköposti

[email protected]

Puhelinnumero

+358504714866

Osaamisalueet

Water resources management, Sustainability, Environmental management, Multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, Science-policy-stakeholder interaction, Integrated approaches

Palkinnot

Young Water Professionals (YWP) of Finland Award 2021

Personal award for advancing the education and careers of young water professionals in Finland

Award or honor granted for a specific work Water and Environmental Engineering Jan 2021

Aalto Pioneering Excellence Award 2021

Aalto Pioneering Excellence Award 2021 for Majakka doctoral education project at Aalto School of Engineering

Award or honor granted for a specific work Department of Built Environment Jan 2021

Aalto Excellence Award 2018

Aalto Award for Excellence in enhancing business, design, engineering, and technology, and research-based innovation in the academic year 2016-17, awarded to Majakka Doctoral Education Pilot Prooject

Award or honor granted for a specific work Water and Environmental Engineering Jan 2018

Aalto Education Excellence Recognition 2017

Education award for Water and Environmental Engineering Master's Programme (WAT), as a part of the team

Award or honor granted for a specific work Water and Environmental Engineering Jan 2017

AaltoENG Teaching Award 2015

Aalto School of Engineering (AaltoENG) Teaching Award for year 2015

Award or honor granted for a specific work Water and Environmental Engineering Jan 2015

Aalto Research Impact Award 2024

Aalto University's Research Impact Award 2024 as a part of Digital Waters flagship team

Award or honor granted for a specific work Department of Built Environment Jan 2024

Best Research Paper 2023 Award

Award or honor granted for a specific work Water and Environmental Engineering Sep 2023

Tutkimusryhmät

Water and Environmental Engineering, Professor (Associate Professor)

Julkaisut

Water governance for water security: analysing institutional strengths and challenges in Finland

Lauri Ahopelto, Suvi Sojamo, Antti Belinskij, Niko Soininen, Marko Keskinen 2024 International Journal of Water Resources Development

Social network analysis of EU flood risk management plans : Case Finland

Thomas Banafa, Susa Eräranta, Lasse Peltonen, Marko Keskinen 2024 Journal of Flood Risk Management

Navigating Dilemmas: university educators’ journeys in creativity teaching

Xiaoqi Feng, Sara Santos Figueiredo, Pauliina Mattila, Marko Keskinen, Tua Björklund 2024 Teaching in Higher Education

Towards transformative learning : students’ disorienting dilemmas and coping strategies in interdisciplinary problem-based learning

Xiaoqi Feng, Julia Sundman, Hanna Aarnio, Maija Taka, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2024 European Journal of Engineering Education

Intermediaries as drivers of innovation development in resource-constrained environments : Insights from the Kenyan water sector

Anne M.J. Hyvärinen, Marko Keskinen, Jarkko Levänen 2024 Technovation

Institutional accountability: the differentiated implementation of collaborative governance in two EU states

Irina Mancheva, Mia Pihlajamäki, Marko Keskinen 2024 West European Politics

Finding Common Ground : Comparing Engineering and Design Graduate Students' Conceptualizations of Interdisciplinary Education Across Two Institutions

Margaret Webb, Xiaoqi Feng, Hanna Aarnio, Julia Sundman, Felicity Bilow, Maija Taka, Marie C. Paretti, Marko Keskinen 2024 2024 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

Water consumption and biodiversity : Responses to global emergency events

Dandan Zhao, Junguo Liu, Laixiang Sun, Klaus Hubacek, Stephan Pfister, Kuishuang Feng, Heran Zheng, Xu Peng, Daoping Wang, Hong Yang, Lei Shen, Fei Lun, Xu Zhao, Bin Chen, Marko Keskinen, Shaohui Zhang, Jialiang Cai, Olli Varis 2024 Science Bulletin

Drought hazard and annual precipitation predicted to increase in the Sirppujoki river basin, Finland

Lauri Ahopelto, Marko Kallio, Noora Veijalainen, Roope Kouki, Marko Keskinen 2023 Climate Services

To Withdraw, Investigate, Negotiate Or Integrate? Students' Coping Strategies With Disorienting Dilemmas In Interdisciplinary Project Courses

Xiaoqi Feng, Julia Sundman, Hanna Aarnio, Maija Taka, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2023 SEFI 2023 - 51st Annual Conference of the European Society for Engineering Education

Trust in Transboundary Waters : Identifying Trust-Building in Water Diplomacy Literature

M Keskinen, E Häkkinen, J Haapala, B Sharipova 2023 WATER ALTERNATIVES

WAT Thesis: Doctoral Thesis Process Summaries from Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, 2002–2022

Marko Keskinen, Maija Taka, Heidi Salo 2023

To what extent should we ensure the explicit inclusion of water quality within the WEF nexus? Discussion of “Water quality : the missing dimension of water in the water–energy–food nexus”*

Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Animesh K. Gain, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis, Ursula S. McKnight 2022 Hydrological Sciences Journal

Mapping the networks of flood risk governance and management

Thomas Banafa, Susa Eräranta, Marko Keskinen, Lasse Peltonen 2022

Bringing resilience-thinking into water governance : Two illustrative case studies from South Africa and Cambodia

A. Fallon, R. W. Jones, M. Keskinen 2022 Global Environmental Change: Human and Policy Dimensions

Exploring 100 years of Finnish transboundary water interactions with Russia: A historical analysis of diplomacy and cooperation

Juho Haapala, Marko Keskinen 2022 WATER ALTERNATIVES

Vesidiplomatia yhdistää ulkopolitiikan veden hallintaan

Marko Keskinen, Antti Rautavaara 2022 Kestävyyden avaimet

Save the Mekong Delta from drowning

G. M. Kondolf, R. J.P. Schmitt, P. A. Carling, M. Goichot, M. Keskinen, M. E. Arias, S. Bizzi, A. Castelletti, T. A. Cochrane, S. E. Darby, M. Kummu, P. S.J. Minderhoud, D. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen, N. T. Nguyen, C. Oeurng, J. Opperman, Z. Rubin, D. C. San, S. Schmeier, T. Wild 2022 Science

Empirical insights into knowledge-weaving processes in strategic environmental research

K. Korhonen-Kurki, S. Bor, M. Faehnle, A. K. Kosenius, S. Kuusela, J. Käyhkö, M. Pekkonen, H. Saarikoski, M. Keskinen 2022 Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning

Handbook on Water Allocation in Transboundary Context

Marko Keskinen, Antti Belinskij, Suvi Sojamo, Tuula Honkonen, Hafsa Munia, Lauri Ahopelto, Tanja Dubrovin, Mika Marttunen, Saija Koljonen, Anna-Stiina Heiskanen, Susanne Schmeier, Remy Kinna, Annukka Lipponen, Sonja Koeppel 2021

Water diplomacy paths – An approach to recognise water diplomacy actions in shared waters

Marko Keskinen, Erik Salminen, Juho Haapala 2021 Journal of Hydrology

Resilience for whom? Governing social-ecological transformation in Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake

Amy Fallon, Marko Keskinen 2020

Innovation process and uncertainties in resource-constrained environments : A case from the water service sector in East Africa

Anne M.J. Hyvärinen, Marko Keskinen, Jarkko Levänen 2020 Environmental Science and Policy

Vesialan tulevaisuuden huipputekijä syntyy koulutuksen ja työelämän yhteispelillä

Meeri Karvinen, Julia Renko, Anni Kaikko, Marko Keskinen 2020 VESITALOUS

Resilienssi-lähestymistapa vesiturvallisuutta edistämässä

Mika Marttunen, Jyri Mustajoki, Antti Parjanne, Lauri Ahopelto, Marko Keskinen 2020 VESITALOUS

Miten arvioida vesiturvallisuutta?

Jyri Mustajoki, Mika Marttunen, Suvi Sojamo, Marko Keskinen, Lauri Ahopelto 2020 VESITALOUS

Aalto-yliopiston Vesi- ja ympäristötekniikan maisteriohjelman sidosryhmäselvitys 2019-2020 : yhteenvetoraportti: Alan tulevaisuus, osaamistarpeet ja vastavalmistuneiden rooli

Julia Renko, Anni Kaikko, Meeri Karvinen, Marko Keskinen 2020

Vesidiplomatia : konseptin edistäminen ja suomalainen lisäarvo

Erik Salminen, Elina Häkkinen, Marko Keskinen 2020

Paremmalla vesivarojen hallinnalla kohti vesiturvallisempaa Suomea

Suvi Sojamo, Lauri Ahopelto, Marko Keskinen, Antti Belinskij, Niko Soininen 2020 VESITALOUS

Can There be Water Scarcity with Abundance of Water? Analyzing Water Stress during a Severe Drought in Finland

Lauri Ahopelto, Noora Veijalainen, Joseph H. A. Guillaume, Marko Keskinen, Mika Marttunen, Olli Varis 2019 Sustainability

Muuttuvien työelämätaitojen sisällyttäminen tekniikan alan koulutukseen : tapaustutkimus Aalto-yliopiston vesi- ja ympäristötekniikan maisteriohjelmasta

Meeri Karvinen, Anu Vehmaa, Marko Keskinen 2019 Yliopistopedagogiikka

Enhancing Security, Sustainability and Resilience in Energy, Food and Water

Marko Keskinen, Suvi Sojamo, Olli Varis 2019 Sustainability

A framework for assessing water security and the water-energy-food nexus-the case of Finland

Mika Marttunen, Jyri Mustajoki, Suvi Sojamo, Lauri Ahopelto, Marko Keskinen 2019 Sustainability (Switzerland)

Mapping the CDIO syllabus to the UNESCO key competencies for sustainability

Anders Rosén, Kristina Edström, Lena Gumaelius, Anna-Karin Högfeldt, Audun Gröm, Reidar Lyng, Mads Nygaard, Peter Munkebo Hussmann, Martin Vigild, Thomas Fruergaard Astrup, Meeri Karvinen, Marko Keskinen, Maria Knutson Wedel, Ulrika Lundqvist, Johan Malmqvist 2019 Proceedings of the 15th International CDIO Conference, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, June 25-27, 2019

Severe Drought in Finland: Modeling Effects on Water Resources and Assessing Climate Change Impacts

Noora Veijalainen, Lauri Ahopelto, Mika Marttunen, Jaakko Jääskeläinen, Ritva Britschgi, Mirjam Orvomaa, Antti Belinskij, Marko Keskinen 2019 Sustainability

Influence of different discourses on the outcomes of development policies and projects

Juho Haapala, Marko Keskinen 2018 Environmental Policy and Governance

Discussion of "Challenges in operationalizing the water-energy-food nexus" (Reprinted from Hydrological Sciences Journal, vol 62, pg 1714-1720, 2017)

Olli Varis, Marko Keskinen 2018 Hydrological Sciences Journal-Journal des sciences hydrologiques

Building a more sustainable society? A case study on the role of sustainable development in the education and early career of water and environmental engineers

Anu Vehmaa, Meeri Karvinen, Marko Keskinen 2018 SUSTAINABILITY

Vesivoiman vaikutusten arviointia Mekong-joella - oppeja suomalaiselle vesiosaamiselle

Timo Räsänen, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2017 VESITALOUS

Kestävästi vettä ja ruokaa kaikille

Suvi Sojamo, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2017 Kirjava käsikirja kestävään kehitykseen

Vesiturvallisuus - mikä sen merkitys on Suomelle?

Suvi Sojamo, Lauri Ahopelto, Mika Marttunen, Antti Belinskij, Noora Veijalainen, Marko Keskinen 2017 VESITALOUS

Four dimensions of water security with a case of the indirect role of water in global food security

Olli Varis, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2017 Water Security

Facilitating bricolage through more organic institutional designs? The case of water users’ associations in rural Nepal

Juho Haapala, Sanna-Leena Rautanen, Pamela White, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2016 THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE COMMONS

Potential and pitfalls of frugal innovation in the water sector

Anne Hyvärinen, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2016 SUSTAINABILITY

Managing the water-energy-food nexus

Shokhrukh Mirzo Jalilov, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis, Saud Amer, Frank A. Ward 2016 Journal of Hydrology

Miten yhteiskehittää kokonaisturvallisuutta? Tieteidenvälisiä näkemyksiä Winland-hankkeesta

Marko Keskinen, Arttu Kantola, Juha Mäkinen, Arto Salonen 2016 Tiede ja Ase

Riskit hallintaan vesi-energia-ruoka –nexuksen avulla?

Marko Keskinen, Seppo Rekolainen, Suvi Sojamo, Olli Varis 2016 VESITALOUS

Special Issue "Sustainable Development Goals: A Call for Frugal Innovations for a Resource-Scarce World"

Marko Keskinen, Minna Halme, Olli Varis 2016 Sustainability

Special Issue "Water-Energy-Food Nexus in Large Asian River Basins"

Marko Keskinen, Shokhrukh-Mirzo Jalilov, Olli Varis 2016 WATER

The water-energy-food nexus and the transboundary context

Marko Keskinen, Joseph H A Guillaume, Mirja Kattelus, Miina Porkka, Timo A. Räsänen, Olli Varis 2016 WATER

Water-energy-food nexus in Large Asian River Basins

Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2016 WATER

Mitä Suomi voi tehdä globaalin vesikriisin ratkaisemiseksi?

Lonkila Kirsi-Marja, Suvi Sojamo, Marko Keskinen 2016 Water at risk -symposio

Socio-Economic Changes in Cambodia’s Unique Tonle Sap Lake Area

Aura Salmivaara, Matti Kummu, Olli Varis, Marko Keskinen 2016 Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy

Sharing benefits in transboundary rivers: an experimental case study of Central Asian water-energy-agriculture nexus

Shokrukh-Mirzo Jalilov, Olli Varis, Marko Keskinen 2015 WATER

China’s southbound transboundary river basins: a case of asymmetry

Mirja Kattelus, Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen, Aura Salmivaara, Olli Varis 2015 Water International

Using Scenarios for Information Integration and Science-Policy Facilitation: Case from the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu, Someth Paradis, Aura Salmivaara, Pech Sokhem 2015 Sustainable Futures in a Changing Climate; Helsinki,11-12.6.2014

Water-Energy-Food Nexus in a Transboundary River Basin:

Marko Keskinen, Paradis Someth, Aura Salmivaara, Matti Kummu 2015 WATER

Model-based assessment of water, food and energy trade-offs in a cascade of multi-purpose reservoirs A case study from the Sesan tributary of the Mekong River

Timo A. Räsänen, Olivier M. Joffre, Paradis Someth, Tran Thanh Cong, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2015 JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT: ASCE

Exploring the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem in Spatial Water Assessments: A Case of Water Shortage in Monsoon Asia

Aura Salmivaara, Miina Porkka, Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen, Joseph H.A. Guillaume, Olli Varis 2015 WATER

Aallon vesitekniikan opetus uudistuu: kohti tulevaisuuden superosaajaa?

Marko Keskinen, Riku Vahala 2014 VESITALOUS

Hydrological change in the Mekong - Entering the Anthropocene?

T. Räsänen, M. Kummu, Hannu Lauri, C. Lehr, Phlip Ward, Hans de Moel, I. Mellin, M. Keskinen 2014 American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2013

Integrated Water Resources Management: Horizontal and vertical explorations and the “Water in All Policies” approach

Olli Varis, Konrad Enckell, Marko Keskinen 2014 International Journal of Water Resources Development

Using Global Datasets to Create Environmental Profiles for Data-Poor Regions A case from the Irrawaddy and Salween River Basins

Aura Salmivaara, Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2013 Environmental Management

Institutional cooperation at a basin level: For what, by whom? Lessons learned from Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake

Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2012 Natural Resources Forum

Mekong at the crossroads

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu, Mira Käkönen, Olli Varis 2012 Politics and Development in a Transboundary Watershed

Mekong at the Crossroads: Alterenative Paths of Water Development and Impact Assessment Politics and Development in a Transboundary Watershed

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu, Mira Käkönen, Olli Varis 2012 Politics and Development in Transboundary Watershed: The Case of the Lower Mekong Basin

Mekong at the crossroads: next steps for impact assessment of large dams

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu, Mira Käkönen, Olli Varis 2012 Ambio

Future changes in Mekong River hydrology: impact of climate change and reservoir operation on discharge

Hannu Lauri, Hans de Moel, Philip J. Ward, Timo A. Räsänen, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2012 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences

Future changes in Mekong River hydrology: impact of climate change and reservoir operation on discharge

H. Lauri, H. de Moel, P. J. Ward, T. A. Räsänen, M. Keskinen, M. Kummu 2012 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions

Kohti kokonaisvaltaisempaa veden hallintaa - mutta miten ?

Marko Keskinen 2011 VESITALOUS

Bringing back the common sense? Integrated approaches in water management

Marko Keskinen 2010

Climate change and water resources in the Lower Mekong River Basin: putting adaptation into the context

Marko Keskinen, Suppakorn Chinvanno, Matti Kummu, Paula Nuorteva, Anond Snidvongs, Olli Varis, Kaisa Västilä 2010 JOURNAL OF WATER AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Impact Assessment in the Mekong Review of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) & Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA)

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2010

Vesi loppuu ensiksi niiltä, jotka eivät saa ääntään kuuluviin ympäristön käyttöön liittyvässä päätöksenteossa

Marko Keskinen 2010 Helsingin Sanomat

Water, livelihoods and climate change adaptation in the Tonle Sap Lake area, Cambodia: learning from the past to understand the future

Marko Keskinen, Paula Nuorteva, Olli Varis 2010 JOURNAL OF WATER AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Songs of the Doomed: The Continuing Neglect of Capture Fisheries in Hydropower Development in the Mekong.

Richard Friend, Robert Arthur, Marko Keskinen 2009 Contested Waterscapes in the Mekong Region - Hydropower, Livelihoods and Governance

Water and Climate Change in the Lower Mekong Basin: Diagnosis & recommendations for adaptation

Marko Keskinen, Suppakorn Chinvanno, Matti Kummu, Paula Nuorteva, Anond Snidvongs, Olli Varis, Kaisa Västilä 2009

"What would be the three key preconditions for jumpstarting or scaling up the transfer of environmentally sound technologies for climate change to developing countries?"

Justin Mog, Wouter Kersten, Muhammad Mizanur Rahaman, Marko Keskinen, Timothy J. Downs, S. Wahid, Rafael D.Almeida Martins, Hélène Connor, Laura E. Williamson, Mithra Moezzi, Ahmad Houri, Bimlesh Kumar, Rahul B. Hiremath, Bert Scholtens, O. C. Ajayi, F. K. Akinnifesi, G. Sileshi, Olufunso A. Somorin 2009 Natural Resources Forum

Hydropower in the Mekong Region: What Are the Likely Impacts upon Fisheries?

Juha Sarkkula, Marko Keskinen, Jorma Koponen, Matti Kummu, Jeff E. Richey, Olli Varis 2009 Contested Waterscapes in the Mekong Region - Hydropower, Livelihoods and Governance

Mekong at the Crossroads - water development and its impacts, paper presented in the symposium

Marko Keskinen, Jorma Koponen, Matti Kummu, Mira Käkönen, Juha Sarkkula, Olli Varis 2008 International Symposium "Mekong Management at a Watershed - IWRM in the global water crisis", 29.9.-1.10.2008, School of Global Studies, Gothenburg University, Sweden.

Population, natural resources & development in the Mekong: Does high population density hinder development?

Marko Keskinen 2008 Modern Myths of the Mekong.Water and Development Publications

The Mekong: IWRM and Institutions

Marko Keskinen, Katri Mehtonen, Olli Varis 2008 Management of Transboundary Rivers and Lakes

Transboundary Cooperation vs.Internal Ambitions - The Roles of China and Cambodia in the Mekong region

Marko Keskinen, Katri Mehtonen, Olli Varis 2008 International Water Security: Domestic Threats and Opportunities

Water resources development and impact assessment in the Mekong Basin: which way to go?

Marko Keskinen 2008 Ambio

Vesijalanjälki - mittari todelliselle vedentarpeellemme

Laura Kuismin, Elina Heikinheimo, Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu 2008 VESITALOUS

Editorial

Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2008 Ambio

Modern Myths of the Mekong - A Critical Review of Water and Development Concepts, Principles and Policies.Water & Development Publications

Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen, Olli Varis 2008

Mekong at the crossroads

Olli Varis, Matti Kummu, Marko Keskinen 2008 Ambio

The Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia; water-related conflicts with abundance of water

Marko Keskinen, Mira Käkönen, Prom Tola, Olli Varis 2007 The Economics of Peace and Security Journal

Water management and impact assessment in the Mekong Basin: analyzing the linkages between local, national and regional levels

Marko Keskinen 2007 International Conference on Adaptive and Integrated Water Management (CAIWA 2007), 2007, Basel, Switzerland

A modeling framework and preliminary results in assessing Phnom Penh's sewage discharges

M. Kummu, T. Sokvongsa, J. Sarkkula, J. Koponen, O. Kagna, L. Moniphea, U. Mengieng, M. Sampson, K.N. Irvine, S.J. Vermette, T. Tang, M. Keskinen 2007 Contemporary Modeling of Urban Water Systems, Monograph 15

Mathematical modelling in integrated management of water resources - magical tool, mathematical toy or something in between?

Juha Sarkkula, Marko Keskinen, Jorma Koponen, Matti Kummu, Jussi Nikula, Olli Varis, Markku Virtanen 2007 Democratizing water governance in the Mekong region

Water respects no borders

O. Varis, M. Kummu, M. Keskinen, U. Heinonen 2007 Polysteekki

Influence of Built Structures on the Fisheries of the Tonle Sap: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Eric Baran, Arthur Robert, Chuenpagdee Ratana, Marko Keskinen, Jorma Koponen, Mikaela Kruskopf, Yumiko Kura, Hannu Lauri, Sophie Nguyen Khoa, Blake Ratner, Juha Sarkkula, So Sophort 2006 Second International Symposium on Sustainable Development in the Mekong River Basin, 2006, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

International Journal of Water Resources Development, special issue ‘Integrated Water Resources Management on the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia’, 2006, Volume 22, Issue 3

Marko Keskinen, Matti Kummu, Olli Varis 2006

The Lake with Floating Villages: Socio-Economic Analysis of the Tonle Sap Lake

Marko Keskinen 2006 International Journal of Water Resources Development

Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia: Nature's affluence meets human poverty

M. Keskinen, M. Kummu, O. Varis 2006 World Water Week 2006 on August 2006 in Stockholm, Sweden

Modelling Interconnected Mekong River and Nam Songkhram watershed system, Thailand.

Matti Kummu, Jorma Koponen, Noora Veijalainen, Juha Sarkkula, Marko Keskinen 2006

Mekong Delta Socio-Economic Analysis - Interconnections between water and livelihoods in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.WUP-FIN Phase II - Hydrological, Environmental and Socio-Economic Modelling Tools f

M. Käkönen, M. Keskinen, Olli Varis, Diem Trang Ngo Thuy, Thanh Truc Ngo Thi, Thi Trieu Tran, Truong Giang Le, Toan Le Duc, Van Lanh Nguyen 2006